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Czech public opinion on the rights of homosexuals - April/May 2023
Kyselá, Monika
In April and May 2023, a set of questions on the tolerance of Czech society towards homosexually oriented women and men was included in the regular Our Society survey. At the same time, citizens' attitudes were surveyed as to whether people with homosexual orientation should have the right to enter into registered partnerships, marry, adopt children from "institutions" - so-called children's homes, and adopt the children of their partner with whom they live and in whose upbringing they participate.
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The Change of Social Position of Child in Society from the Modern Period to the Present
BEZAČINSKÁ, Lucie
In my bachelor's thesis I will deal with the transformation of the child's social status in society from the modern period to the present. Important sub-topics here are family, upbringing, school attendance and education, social work with the child and the rights of the child. The work raises the question of the influence of contemporary conditions on the position of the child and observes how over the last few centuries there has been a growing systemic interest in issues related to children and childhood as a distinctive period of human life. The historical point of view makes it possible to capture not only the gradual change in the child's position in society, but also to map its causal circumstances, in which the role of religion, the influence of science and contemporary authorities or the power of folk traditions and customs participate. In this context, social work with children and the issue of children's rights are addressed.
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Government Policies of Isolated Indigenous Peoples and their Successes and Failures
Scholz, Eric ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
Since the expansion of globalization and the mapping of the world, mostly by Europeans, there has been a massive shift in the ways of life for many groups throughout the world. When these groups met each other one, often the Europeans, the almost always more technologically advanced group, dominated the others and brought them into a globalizing world. After centuries of this, some of these groups continue to exist in their traditional lifestyles, having not been integrated into Europeanized societies or the globalized world, and often still living, quite literally, naked in the hinterlands. This research offers a unique analysis as to how these groups are treated by modern societies, with emphasis on their legal status and protections, and the material outcome of these policies. This includes things like if the groups were successfully integrated, or if they are suffering from pollution, violence, discrimination, or other factors. Three case studies are chosen: India, Peru, and Brazi, for their unique positions in being home to many of these groups.
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The exercise of parental responsibility by persons serving prison sentence
Hájková, Ilona ; Jandejsek, Petr (advisor) ; Martinek, Michael (referee)
The Diploma Thesis called The exercise of parental responsibility by persons serving prison sentence deals with the institute of parental responsibility, which means fulfilling and execution of rights and duties of parents serving prison sentence towards their underage children. Legal framework of this institute pursuant to current legislation in the Civil Code is described in detail in the theoretic part, the next part deals with the execution of sentence prison sentence as a specific life circumstance in which a human being is caught in as a parent. The research survey carried out in selected Czech penitentiaries for execution of prison sentence of men and women. The thesis analyses the current legislation of rights and duties of parents serving prison sentence and maps their carrying out in practice. Using the quantitative methodology, the results of the research survey show that rights and duties of parents acknowledged by legislation and in practice of the Constitutional court of the Czech Republic are substantially restricted during the execution of prison sentence. This restriction is caused by system obstacles as well as material and legal ones, both on the side of convicted parent and on the side of penitentiary and other state and non- state subjects that are supposed to take part in the...
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Theoretical bases for the limitation of fundamental rights and freedoms in the Czech Republic
Madej, Martin ; Tryzna, Jan (referee)
Theoretical bases for the limitation
of fundamental rights and freedoms in the Czech Republic
In the Czech Republic, the conception of fundamental rights and the conditions for their limitations are the result of a specific interpretation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms by the Constitutional Court, which in turn reflects its own views on constitutional theory. Despite being presented almost dogmatically, the confrontation with foreign literature suggests that the so-called external theory of the Constitutional Court finds strong opponent in the so-called internal theory. Internal theory sheds doubts on such hallmarks of the Court's doctrine like the wide conception of fundamental rights, the principle of proportionality or the very existence of conflicts of constitutional values. In this thesis, it is argued that although the internal theory cannot substitute for the external theory at the moment, it represents an opportunity for the Constitutional Court to reassess its current position in order for it to better depict the aims of the constitution-maker, to respect the policies of the legislator and - above all - to take fundamental rights seriously. In particular, it is claimed that the optimal model of the limitation of fundamental rights dully distinguishes between definition and...
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Theoretical bases for the limitation of fundamental rights and freedoms in the Czech Republic
Madej, Martin ; Ondřejek, Pavel (advisor) ; Wintr, Jan (referee)
Theoretical bases for the limitation
of fundamental rights and freedoms in the Czech Republic
In the Czech Republic, the conception of fundamental rights and the conditions for their limitations are the result of a specific interpretation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms by the Constitutional Court, which in turn reflects its own views on constitutional theory. Despite being presented almost dogmatically, the confrontation with foreign literature suggests that the so-called external theory of the Constitutional Court finds strong opponent in the so-called internal theory. Internal theory sheds doubts on such hallmarks of the Court's doctrine like the wide conception of fundamental rights, the principle of proportionality or the very existence of conflicts of constitutional values. In this thesis, it is argued that although the internal theory cannot substitute for the external theory at the moment, it represents an opportunity for the Constitutional Court to reassess its current position in order for it to better depict the aims of the constitution-maker, to respect the policies of the legislator and - above all - to take fundamental rights seriously. In particular, it is claimed that the optimal model of the limitation of fundamental rights dully distinguishes between definition and...
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Public Opinion on the Settling of Foreigners in the Czech Republic - March 2017
Čadová, Naděžda
In March 2017 Public Opinion Research Centre examined as a part of its survey the opinions of the Czech public on long-term or permanently residing foreigners in the Czech Republic. Specifically, there were examined attitudes whether there are too many, appropriate amount, or too few foreigners living in the country, whether foreigners should have the right for the long-term residing in the country and whether the state should allow them to settle here permanently. There were examined the reasons for the acceptance of immigrants, too
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The development of the legislation for people with special needs yesterday and nowadays
KLIVANDOVÁ, Alena
This bachelor thesis is focused on the comparison of the legislation of educational systems for people with special education needs in 1980´s and nowadays. The thesis draw from specialised literature, the legislation and internet sources. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains description of basic terms and is about education of people with special education needs, it includes rights of these people too. The second part is about curricular documents school laws. After this, compares legislative changes of educational system for people with special educational needs. This part is completed by casuistries which describe two people whose went through of educational systems in different time periods. The main aim of this research was to find out, how was children and students with special needs educated more than 30 years ago and nowadays, and which of these periods is better for them. The sub-aim of the work was made casuistries focused on education of these people. On the base of my research I found, that both legislative adjustments are concentrated on education of people with special needs, but contemporary legislation has visible benefits and positives for these people. This bachelor thesis should bring better insight into this problematics and could be source of information about education of people with special education needs simultaneously.
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The Theoretical Concepts of Rights and Their Protection in Cyberspace
Jirková, Veronika ; Beran, Karel (advisor) ; Tryzna, Jan (referee)
of Master's Thesis The Theoretical Concepts of Rights and Their Protection in Cyberspace Author: Veronika Jirková Supervisor: doc. JUDr. Karel Beran, Ph.D. Department: Department of Legal Theory and Legal Doctrines This master's thesis is focused on questions regarding the concept and protection of users' rights in cyberspace. This thesis concerns the notion of cyberspace, regulatory systems in it, and finally the extent and protection of rights in cyberspace. The aim of this thesis is, first, to analyse the situation of protection of rights in cyberspace, and second, to identify the ways to improve this situation. This thesis is subdivided into four parts. The first part is of descriptive nature. It covers some fundamental concepts related to the topic. It describes the notion of cyberspace, the notion and structure of the Internet and the actors who play a role in governance of the Internet. The second part is aimed at regulatory systems. It describes regulatory systems in both online world (cyberspace) and offline world. These two groups are then compared. Finally, this part demonstrates the impact of the identified discrepancies on practical examples. The third part relates to the extent of rights in cyberspace. It tries to choose an appropriate theoretical method and it discusses the...
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